故經之以五事,校之以計,而索其情:一曰道,二曰天,三曰地,四曰將,五曰法。
How shall we investigate war? The DaoDeJing identifies the 5 stages of the Dao, the principles of which we will use as the basis for investigation. We will use calculations to compare the opposing generals in terms of the principles of the Dao. From this, we will be able to understand their respective situations. The 5 stages of the Dao are 1) the Dao, 2) the Heavens, 3) the Earth, 4) the Generals, and 5) Organization.